Lumbar/Cervical Spondylosis
Lumbar/Cervical Spondylosis
Overview and Treatment
Spondylosis refers to age-related spinal changes caused by wear and tear, commonly affecting the lower back (lumbar) and neck (cervical). It involves the degeneration of intervertebral discs, leading to reduced disc height, spinal instability, and the formation of bony spurs. This can cause nerve compression, leading to pain, stiffness, and discomfort.
Symptoms
- Pain: Dull, sharp, or aching pain localized in the lower back or neck, potentially radiating to the limbs.
- Stiffness: Reduced flexibility in the neck or lower back, affecting movement.
- Numbness/Tingling: Sensations in the arms, hands, legs, or feet due to nerve compression.
- Weakness: Difficulty with fine motor skills or walking, caused by nerve compression.
- Reduced Reflexes: Diminished reflexes in severe cases.
Diagnosis
A physical exam assesses posture, range of motion, and muscle strength. Imaging tests (X-rays, MRI, CT scans) help determine the extent of degeneration, bony spur formation, and nerve compression.
Treatment
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen muscles, improve posture, and increase flexibility.
- Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers or corticosteroid injections for inflammation.
- Facet Joint Injections: Targeted injections to reduce inflammation and provide pain relief.
- Radiofrequency Ablation: A minimally invasive procedure that uses radio waves to heat and destroy nerve tissue, reducing pain in the affected area.
- Epidural Steroid Injections: Targeted injections to reduce inflammation and provide pain relief.
- Selective Nerve Root Block (SNRB): Injection of anesthetic and steroid near nerve roots for targeted pain relief.
- Surgery: For severe cases, surgical options like discectomy, laminectomy, or spinal fusion may be considered.
Conclusion
While lumbar and cervical spondylosis are common age-related conditions, early diagnosis and intervention can help manage symptoms and maintain mobility through non-surgical treatments. In severe cases, surgery may be required.